Topic:
Hello Again!
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Well Hello Lovely!
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Happiness To You Is
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RE: Resolution 242 see UN Security Council Resolution 242 Adopted: November 22, 1967 Eli E. Hertz Resolution 242 is the cornerstone for what it calls “a just and lasting peace.” It calls for a negotiated solution based on “secure and recognized boundaries” – recognizing the flaws in Israel’s previous temporary borders – the 1948 Armistice lines or the “Green Line”1 – by not calling upon Israel to withdraw from ‘all occupied territories,’ http://www.mythsandfacts.org/conflict/10/resolution-242.pdf That is Israel's interpretation of Resolution 242, but their interpretation is NOT in keeping with the agreement, since it states: "that the fulfillment of Charter principles requires the establishment of a just and lasting peace in the Middle East which should include the application of both the following principles: Withdrawal of Israeli armed forces from territories occupied in the recent conflict;" Granted it didn't explicitly specify ALL territories occupied in the '67 conflict, however, it states elsewhere: that it emphasizes "the inadmissibility of the acquisition of territory by war..." Since anything past the Green Line was territory taken in war, it CANNOT legally be annexed, so, while Israel MAY be able to hang on to the 1967 "borders" temporarily, they are and will remain occupied palestinian territory and can never legally be a part of Israel. These occupied territories include East Jerusalem, illegally annexed by Israel in 1967, which contravenes Resolution 242 and a number of other UN resolutions. You apparently missed this part of the discussion: Arab declarations about destroying Israel were made preceding the war when control over the West Bank and the Gaza Strip (or Sinai and the Golan Heights) were not in Israel’s hands, and no so-called Israeli occupation existed. That is why the UN Security Council recognized that Israel had acquired the territory from Egypt, Jordan, and Syria not as a matter of aggression, but as an act of self-defense. That is also why Resolution 242 was passed under Chapter VI of the UN Charter rather than Chapter VII. As explained above, UN resolutions adopted under Chapter VI call on nations to negotiate settlements, while resolutions under the more stringent Chapter VII section deal with clear acts of aggression that allow the UN to enforce its resolutions upon any state seen as threatening the security of another state or states. Although Resolution 242 refers to “the inadmissibility” of acquiring territory by war, a statement used in nearly all UN resolutions relating to Israel, Professor, Judge Stephen M. Schwebel, former President of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) in the Hague, explains that the principle of “acquisition of territory by war is inadmissible” must be read together with other principles: “… namely, that no legal right shall spring from a wrong, and the Charter principle that the Members of the United Nations shall refrain in their international relations from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any State.”4 Resolution 242 immediately follows to emphasize the “need to work for a just and lasting peace in which every state in the area can live in security.” While Resolution 242 may call upon Israel to withdraw from territory it captured during the war, the UN recognized that Israel cannot return to the non-secure borders existing before the Six-Day War that invited aggression. This means that Israel is expected to withdraw from only some of the lands captured during the war of 1967 not required for defensive borders and they have done so already in Sinai and Gaza for example. The remainder is rightfully to be determined through negotiation and not through war criminal attacks on Israeli civilians. no legal right shall spring from a wrong, and the Charter principle that the Members of the United Nations shall refrain in their international relations from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any State It should be noted that Israel started the Six Day War in 1967. While they may try to justify it as a "pre-emptive strike" made in self defense, the simple fact is that Israel INITIATED the war and is therefore the aggressor and in the wrong. Any territory taken in that war CANNOT be legally annexed. So any claim by Israel to the 1967 "border" can only legally be a claim of occupation of Palestinian territory for security reasons. There is no way it can legally be considered as Israeli territory unless Palestine lets it go in good faith negotiations. Considering that Israel has already illegally annexed foreign territory, including East Jerusalem, Syria's Golan Heights and Lebanon's Shebaa Farms (in 1981), I don't believe good faith negotiations with Palestine over ceding any territory will get very far. http://www.lotsofessays.com/viewpaper/1691729.html Israel's annexations are violations of international law and contravene a number of UN resolutions including 252, 267, 271, 279, 285, 298, 337, 427, 446, 452, 465, 476, 478, 497, 509, 517, & 587 (I left out the other ones, restricting the list only to resolutions pertaining to Israel's illegal annexations.) http://www.ifamericansknew.org/stats/un.html Well that is just a lot of misleading hogwash. Israel did not start the 1967 war. Armies from Egypt, Jordan, Syria had all amassed on Israel's border. If they had not been there threatening Israel there would not have been any war. Between 1966 and 1967 Israel’s borders saw repeated Arab terrorist attacks and Syrian military activity.[32] On May 11, UN Secretary General U Thant leveled criticism at Syria for its sponsorship of Palestinian terrorism, denouncing those attacks as "deplorable," "insidious" and "menaces to peace."[33] On the eve of the war, Egypt massed approximately 100,000 of its 160,000 troops in the Sinai, including all of its seven divisions (four infantry, two armored and one mechanized), four independent infantry brigades and four independent armored brigades. No fewer than a third of them were veterans of Egypt's intervention into the Yemen Civil War and another third were reservists. These forces had 950 tanks, 1,100 APCs and more than 1,000 artillery pieces.[70] At the same time some Egyptian troops (15,000–20,000) were still fighting in Yemen.[71][72][73] Nasser's ambivalence about his goals and objectives was reflected in his orders to the military. The general staff changed the operational plan four times in May 1967, each change requiring the redeployment of troops, with the inevitable toll on both men and vehicles.[74] Towards the end of May, Nasser finally forbade the general staff from proceeding with the Qahir ("Victory") plan, which called for a light infantry screen in the forward fortifications with the bulk of the forces held back to conduct a massive counterattack against the main Israeli advance when identified, and ordered a forward defense of the Sinai.[74] In the meantime, he continued to take actions intended to increase the level of mobilization of Egypt, Syria and Jordan, in order to bring pressure on Israel. Syria's army had a total strength of 75,000 and amassed them along the Syrian border.[75] Jordan's army had 55,000 troops[76] and 300 tanks along the Jordanian border, 250 of which were U.S. M48 Patton, sizable amounts of M113 APCs, a new battalion of mechanized infantry, and a paratrooper battalion trained in the new U.S.-built school. They also had 12 battalions of artillery and six batteries of 81 mm and 120 mm mortars.[77] Documents captured by the Israelis from various Jordanian command posts record orders from the end of May for the Hashemite Brigade to capture Ramot Burj Bir Mai'in in a night raid, codenamed "Operation Khaled". The aim was to establish a bridgehead together with positions in Latrun for an armored capture of Lod and Ramle. The "go" codeword was Sa'ek and end was Nasser. The Jordanians planned for the capture of Motza and Sha'alvim in the strategic Jerusalem Corridor. Motza was tasked to Infantry Brigade 27 camped near Ma'ale Adummim: "The reserve brigade will commence a nighttime infiltration onto Motza, will destroy it to the foundation, and won't leave a remnant or refugee from among its 800 residents".[77] 100 Iraqi tanks and an infantry division were readied near the Jordanian border. Two squadrons of fighter-aircraft, Hawker Hunters and MiG 21, were rebased adjacent to the Jordanian border.[77] On June 2, Jordan called up all reserve officers, and the West Bank commander met with community leaders in Ramallah to request assistance and cooperation for his troops during the war, assuring them that "in three days we'll be in Tel-Aviv".[77] The Arab air forces were aided by volunteer pilots from the Pakistan Air Force acting in independent capacity, and by some aircraft from Libya, Algeria, Morocco, Kuwait, and Saudi Arabia to make up for the massive losses suffered on the first day of the war.[78] The annexation of some of the territory is certainly not clearly illegal and was not a result of war initiated by Israel. If the Palestinians really wanted a state with real boundaries they could have had it many times over. But the Palestinians don't want to live peacefully side by side with the permanent Jewish state of Israel. They won't accept Israel at all and they won't commit to peaceful coexistence. The Palestinians futilely crave victory and they have trapped themselves in this hateful and bigoted ideology. It is their own tragedy which they have the power to end at any time all on their own. |
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Edited by
s1owhand
on
Fri 12/07/12 03:11 PM
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RE: Resolution 242 see UN Security Council Resolution 242 Adopted: November 22, 1967 Eli E. Hertz Resolution 242 is the cornerstone for what it calls “a just and lasting peace.” It calls for a negotiated solution based on “secure and recognized boundaries” – recognizing the flaws in Israel’s previous temporary borders – the 1948 Armistice lines or the “Green Line”1 – by not calling upon Israel to withdraw from ‘all occupied territories,’ http://www.mythsandfacts.org/conflict/10/resolution-242.pdf That is Israel's interpretation of Resolution 242, but their interpretation is NOT in keeping with the agreement, since it states: "that the fulfillment of Charter principles requires the establishment of a just and lasting peace in the Middle East which should include the application of both the following principles: Withdrawal of Israeli armed forces from territories occupied in the recent conflict;" Granted it didn't explicitly specify ALL territories occupied in the '67 conflict, however, it states elsewhere: that it emphasizes "the inadmissibility of the acquisition of territory by war..." Since anything past the Green Line was territory taken in war, it CANNOT legally be annexed, so, while Israel MAY be able to hang on to the 1967 "borders" temporarily, they are and will remain occupied palestinian territory and can never legally be a part of Israel. These occupied territories include East Jerusalem, illegally annexed by Israel in 1967, which contravenes Resolution 242 and a number of other UN resolutions. You apparently missed this part of the discussion: Arab declarations about destroying Israel were made preceding the war when control over the West Bank and the Gaza Strip (or Sinai and the Golan Heights) were not in Israel’s hands, and no so-called Israeli occupation existed. That is why the UN Security Council recognized that Israel had acquired the territory from Egypt, Jordan, and Syria not as a matter of aggression, but as an act of self-defense. That is also why Resolution 242 was passed under Chapter VI of the UN Charter rather than Chapter VII. As explained above, UN resolutions adopted under Chapter VI call on nations to negotiate settlements, while resolutions under the more stringent Chapter VII section deal with clear acts of aggression that allow the UN to enforce its resolutions upon any state seen as threatening the security of another state or states. Although Resolution 242 refers to “the inadmissibility” of acquiring territory by war, a statement used in nearly all UN resolutions relating to Israel, Professor, Judge Stephen M. Schwebel, former President of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) in the Hague, explains that the principle of “acquisition of territory by war is inadmissible” must be read together with other principles: “… namely, that no legal right shall spring from a wrong, and the Charter principle that the Members of the United Nations shall refrain in their international relations from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any State.”4 Resolution 242 immediately follows to emphasize the “need to work for a just and lasting peace in which every state in the area can live in security.” While Resolution 242 may call upon Israel to withdraw from territory it captured during the war, the UN recognized that Israel cannot return to the non-secure borders existing before the Six-Day War that invited aggression. This means that Israel is expected to withdraw from only some of the lands captured during the war of 1967 not required for defensive borders and they have done so already in Sinai and Gaza for example. The remainder is rightfully to be determined through negotiation and not through war criminal attacks on Israeli civilians. |
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Edited by
s1owhand
on
Fri 12/07/12 01:13 PM
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RE: Resolution 242 see
UN Security Council Resolution 242 Adopted: November 22, 1967 Eli E. Hertz Resolution 242 is the cornerstone for what it calls “a just and lasting peace.” It calls for a negotiated solution based on “secure and recognized boundaries” – recognizing the flaws in Israel’s previous temporary borders – the 1948 Armistice lines or the “Green Line”1 – by not calling upon Israel to withdraw from ‘all occupied territories,’ http://www.mythsandfacts.org/conflict/10/resolution-242.pdf |
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Edited by
s1owhand
on
Fri 12/07/12 12:09 PM
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Like I asked before of the OP. What have you got against Jews?
I'm not the OP... But I'll gladly answer. 1) Israel is a expansionist entity that encroaches on Arab land by military means and settlement activity... This is NOT internationally recognized nor legal. 2) The Israeli economy is based on War... Industries & population donate extreme amounts of money to the cause. A booming economy in a financially desperate area of the globe. Sound normal? plz don't give me BS that Israelis are real hard workers Yea I'll call them "ROGUE" if they refuse to sign the NPT. 3) The military style expulsion of civilians is unacceptable... The Jews know this first hand. 4) The unrelenting Israeli lobby in the US has taken over. Much of US foreign policies aren't even decided in the states Until Obama? 5) They are just as fanatically religious as their adversaries... Don't kid yourself. 6) The Jews had militias in the past... Why do they call resistance>>> Terrorist now? Their spy agency "Mossad" thinks nothing of assassinating people abroad... This fact, makes us all a potential target to the whims of the Israeli military. As a side note... The land allocated to Israeli settlements should not have been in an area where fighting has been going on for thousands of years... over the same chit over and over. North Dakota would have been more suitable I say! Nothing against the Jews... Everything against Israel. 39 governments since It's birth... Do the math, there can NEVER be stability there! EDIT* No not North Dakota!!!!.... We're gonna need a buffer zone so South Dakota then! 1. Israel never attacked anyone trying to acquire someone else's land. Palestinians and Arabs repeatedly attack Israel to try to take Israeli land. 2. Israel never expelled the Palestinians. Palestinians left various areas out of fear of being caught up in fighting when neighboring Arab/Palestinian militaries attacked Israel. There were Arabic publications and broadcasts coming from the attacking Arab armies warning them to leave also. 3. Israel has a thriving economy and lead the region in agriculture, economics, medicine and arts. In fact, they have some of the best innovations in the world in multiple areas not related to conflict at all. 4. Israel does not have undue influence in the USA - we make our own policies based on our own national interests. 5. Jews of Israel are not trying to attack or convert anybody. They just wish to be left alone to practice their own religion in peace. 6. Israel military has never had a policy of targeting civilians. Hamas, Islamic Jihad and Hezbollah etc. have an explicit policy of trying to kill as many men, women and children as possible on purpose with every attack. That was easy - cleared it all up succinctly. |
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擔擔麵
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ZOA: ABBAS” FATAH “HAMAS NEED NOT STOP MURDERING JEWS OR RECOGNIZE ISRAEL “ By Ruth King on June 22nd, 2010 ABBAS’ FATAH: HAMAS NEED NOT STOP MURDERING JEWS OR RECOGNIZE ISRAEL Senior Fatah leader, Nabil Shaath – considered a “moderate†– speaking on behalf of Mahmoud Abbas’ Fatah, which controls the Palestinian Authority (PA) last week said that Hamas, the genocide-seeking terrorist group that has controlled Gaza since violently seizing the territory in 2007, need not recognize Israel, nor stop murdering Jews in Israel, nor meet any other demands laid down by the Quartet (the U.S., European Union, Russia and the United Nations). Hamas calls in its Charter to the destruction of Israel (Article 15) and the murder of Jews (Article 7) and has murdered over 600 Israelis in nearly a decade of suicide bombing, roadside bomb, sniping and rocket attacks. Yet the Quartet has demanded only the meager conditions that in order to be accepted as a legitimate party to negotiations, Hamas must recognize Israel, renounce the use of terrorism and accepting the existing Oslo agreements signed by the PA. Already in 2007, the ZOA argued that these conditions, even in the unlikely event that they were accepted by Hamas, are inadequate, as real change in Hamas could only be said to have occurred once it explicitly renounces its Charter, disarms terrorists, ends incitement to hatred and murder against Israel and ceases all violence for at least a year. Asked in the Jordanian publication, Al-Dustour, to comment on claims by Hamas that the PA was demanding that the Islamist movement recognize Israel’s right to exist as a condition for achieving reconciliation between the two parties, Shaath said, “This is completely untrue. We have never asked Hamas to recognize Israel’s right to exist. Nor have we demanded that they accept the conditions of the Quartet … We want the proposed unity government to be committed to the PLO’s political program, as was the case with the unity government under Ismail Haniyeh … The peace negotiations will be conducted by the PLO. That’s all we’re demanding.†Shaath said that he has been urging European governments to drop their demand that Hamas accept the Quartet’s three conditions, saying, “All the Arab and Islamic states that don’t recognize Israel have agreed to the Arab Peace Initiative … Acceptance of the initiative and a cease-fire [with Israel] is therefore sufficient†(Khaled Abu Toameh, ‘Fatah: No need to end violence,’ Jerusalem Post, June 17, 2010). In recent days, Shaath has also emphasized that terrorism against Israel is perfectly legitimate: * “MP Dr. Nabil Shaath, member Fatah Central Committee and Commissioner of Foreign Relations… emphasized that the Fatah’s stated strategy for the struggle is to adopt the growing popular and ‘non-violent’ struggle against Israel, because of the inability to engage in the armed struggle, which has become undesirable now, although it is the right of the Palestinian people, which all international treaties and resolutions have guaranteed†(PA daily, Al-Hayat Al-Jadida, May 20, 2010). * “The current distancing from the armed struggle does not mean its absolute rejection… He noted that the difficulty of the conflict required the Palestinian people to diversify its activities of struggle – along with an emphasis on the importance of the armed struggle, which laid the basis for the existence of the state and contributed to maintaining the right and presenting it to the world – especially since the armed struggle at the present time is not possible, or is not effective, because of to the difficulties with which the Palestinian people contends†(Al-Hayat Al-Jadida, May 21, 2010, translation courtesy of Itamar Marcus & Nan Jacques Zilberdik, ‘Abbas not truthful to Obama; denies PA incitement,’ Palestinian Media Watch Bulletin, June 10, 2010). Mahmoud Abbas’ Fatah also does not recognize Israel as a Jewish state, supports terrorism, incites the Palestinian population against Israel and Shaath’s latest statements mirror others by Abbas and other senior Fatah officials: * Mahmoud Abbas, PA president and Fatah chairman: “I say this clearly: I do not accept the Jewish State, call it what you will.†(Itamar Marcus and Barbara Crook, ‘Mahmoud Abbas: “I do not accept the Jewish State, call it what you will,†Palestinian Media Watch, April 28, 2009). * Abbas: “The Palestinians do not accept the formula that the state of Israel is a Jewish state.†(David Bedein, ‘Olmert reports to Israel Cabinet Meeting,’ Bulletin [Philadelphia], December 3, 2007). * Abbas: “It is not required of Hamas, or of Fatah, or of the Popular Front to recognize Israel†(Al-Arabiya [Dubai] and PA TV, October 3, 2006, Itamar Marcus & Barbara Crook, ‘Abbas dupes US: “Recognition†is functional, not inherent,’ Palestinian Media Watch, October 5, 2006). * Abbas: “[W]ith the will and determination of its sons, Fatah has and will continue. We will not give up our principles and we have said that rifles should be directed against the occupation…. We have a legitimate right to direct our guns against Israeli occupation†(Khaled Abu Toameh, ‘Abbas: Aim guns against occupation,’ Jerusalem Post, January 11, 2007). * Kifah Radaydeh, senior Fatah official: “Fatah is facing a challenge, because [Fatah] says that we perceive peace as one of the strategies, but we say that all forms of the struggle exist, and we do not rule out the possibility of the armed struggle or any other struggle. The struggle exists in all its forms, on the basis of what we are capable of at a given time, and according to what seems rightâ€Â [PA TV July 7, 2009, translation courtesy of Itamar Marcus and Nan Jacques Zilberdik, ‘Fatah official: ‘Our goal has never been peace. Peace is a means; the goal is Palestine,’ Palestinian Media Watch Bulletin, July 12, 2009). * Rafik al-Natsheh, senior Fatah official: “We will maintain the resistance [i.e. terrorism] option in all its forms and we will not recognize Israel …Not only don’t we demand that anyone recognize Israel; we don’t recognize Israel ourselves. However, the Palestinian Authority government is required to do it, or else it will not be able to serve the Palestinian people. I am certain that we will hinder all the traitors who wish to remove the resistance option from the movement’s charter†(Ali Waked, ‘Senior Fatah official: We won’t recognize Israel. Fatah official: Movement to display commitment to armed struggle in upcoming convention,’ Yediot Ahronot, July 22, 2009). * Muhammad Dahlan, former commander of Fatah forces in Gaza: “We do not demand that the Hamas movement recognize Israel. On the contrary, we demand of the Hamas movement not to recognize Israel, because the Fatah movement does not recognize Israel, even today†(Itamar Marcus and Barbara Crook, ‘Western funders misled: Fatah still refuses to recognize Israel, PA’s “recognition†only to receive international aid,’ Palestinian Media Watch, March 17, 2009). * Abu Ahmed, Fatah commander: ‘“The base of our Fatah movement keeps dreaming of Tel Aviv, Haifa, Jaffa and Acco. …There is no change in our official position. Fatah as a movement never recognized Israel†(David Bedein, ‘The American Sanitizing of a Terrorist Group,’ Israel National News, October 5, 2006). * PLO foreign minister Farouk Kaddoumi: “The Palestinian national charter has not been amended until now … It was said that some articles are no longer effective, but they were not changed. I’m one of those who didn’t agree to any changes†(Khaled Abu Toameh, ‘Kaddoumi: PLO charter was never changed,’ Jerusalem Post, April 22, 2004). ZOA National President Morton A. Klein said, “Nabil Shaath’s latest statements underscore the fraudulence of Fatah’s claims in the West to being moderates and peace-seekers. It perfectly clear that Fatah itself does not accept Israel as a Jewish state, has not renounced terrorism or accepted the idea of a peaceful Palestinian state alongside Israel. Unsurprisingly, it does not expect Hamas to act differently. However now it is demanding explicitly of the Quartet that Hamas be accepted as it is without even its acceptance of the weak requirements of the Quartet. “The Obama Administration should act on this irrefutable evidence of Fatah’s fraudulent peace pretensions by immediately condemning Abbas’ Fatah-controlled PA and cutting off U.S. aid to it until and unless Fatah renounces its own Constitution calling for Israel’s destruction and the use of terrorism as an indispensable element in the campaign to achieve that goal; arrest and jail terrorists; and end incitement to hatred and murder against Israel in its mosques, media, schools and youth camps.†http://www.ruthfullyyours.com/2010/06/22/zoa-abbas-fatah-hamas-need-not-stop-murdering-jews-or-recognize-israel/ yet People claim that PA is adhering to 242! Gee I wonder why Israel is not so keen on the Palestinians trying to establish a state without recognizing Israel's right to exist and without committing to cessation of violence and incitement? |
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The Jews in the Mideast had long been persecuted minorities for hundreds of years. During WWII, Arab leaders sided with Hitler and Jews in Arab lands everywhere were threatened. The antisemitic rhetoric mounted and turned into open threats and eventually confiscation of Jews property and belongings. The overwhelming majority of these displaced Jews migrated to the closest place where they could find a welcoming refuge - Israel. The way this is worded would lead some to think that Israel was there as a safe haven during the war. Yet Israel came about in 1948 ... 3 years after the war. Insofar as Arab leaders siding with the Axis... "Meanwhile, back in Israel, the majority of the Irgun (the Jewish National Military Organization, or Irgun Tzvah Leumi - commonly abbreviated Etzel) decided to cease fighting against the British and, instead, assist them in Europe. However, Avraham Stern led a small faction of the Irgun against the British. Stern believed that the war in Europe was so important to the British that they would be more than willing to make consessions to Jews in Israel if this proved necessary. He even negotiated with the Germans and the Italians!" http://www.stateofisrael.com/arab-israel/worldwarii/ So during WW2 'Israel' was not a safe haven. Indeed many who tried to get away tried to get to the U.S. only to find the doors closed to them. Those who did try to get away from the war persecution found that they had to return to it. "Although Jews have, over the eighteen centuries since the Roman Exile, maintained a constant presence (albeit small) in the Land of Israel, the modern concept of Zionism - which led to the formation of the State of Israel - has its roots in nineteenth century Europe. There, Jews experienced the political and scientific renaissance known as the Emancipation, which gave Jews the chance to break their general isolation from the day-to-day affairs of the countries in which they resided. Many Jews adopted the ethno-nationalist political ideology that was developing in Europe at the time and set up moshavim - communities which were financed largely by Baron Edmund de Rothschild of Paris - and socialist communes (called kibbutzim) in Israel, their ancient homeland. The first wave of Jews who were so inclined arrived in Israel (then known as Palestine) in 1882, in what is known as the First Aliyah ("going up:" the way Jews describe their immigration to the Holy Land)." http://www.stateofisrael.com/arab-israel/1stevents/ "The Jewish claim to Palestine was also strengthened by the rapidly increasing Jewish population in this region. Under the leadership of future Israeli prime minister David Ben-Gurion, large tracts of land were purchased from Arabs, many of whom resided abroad. Alarmed at their ever-shrinking majority, the Arabs in Palestine began to take defensive measures. Palestinian Arab nationalist organizations were set up, including the Higher Arab Council, which attempted to influence British policy and to counter the activities of the Zionists. Haj Amin al-Husseini, the Grand Mufti of Jerusalem, tried to garner foreign support for the cessation of Zionist activity and for the conclusion of the British mandate. The British, in an effort to win Arab support, issued several "White Papers," which restricted Jewish immigration. Palestinian Jews, however, fought the White Papers by helping European Jews immigrate to Palestine illegally." http://www.stateofisrael.com/arab-israel/priortostate/ Even Israeli history from an Israeli site makes it look like they pushed for a fight and when pushed back yelled "We are being bullied" to the world. Now they bulldoze villages and clear areas in the name of 'security zones' and allow Israeli citizens to build, take over the land thus "repossessed'. How can they cry foul when the rockets that land wouldn't be landing had the land not been taken? I'm not pro either side. But when you start to push .... expect to be pushed back. You take from another .. expect them to want it back. That goes for the Palestinians as well. Want to fire rockets and shoot at people....put on a real uniform and show who you are instead of hiding with civilians. yup I'm still lurking. Hi Karma! Actually Jews were there for a long time prior to the Declaration of Independence for Israel and the immigration of Jews back to the area had been going on for a long time. It was a lot safer than Europe for Jews obviously. But as you point out, this was one of the reasons why there was a crying need for at least one Jewish state where Jews could be essentially free from persecution. Israel became that state. Amazingly refounded after all the many years the desire of Jews to return to their homeland was strong and now does afford a place where any Jews can go and be free to practice their religion freely. They recognize the importance of this. |
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Edited by
s1owhand
on
Thu 12/06/12 10:57 PM
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There are strong legal arguments that the Palestinian lands are
completely in dispute and have never been resolved status since the days of the British Mandate during which Jews were recognized as having a legal right to settlement anywhere within the British Mandate including the part which is now Jordan but particularly anywhere West of the Jordan river including what is now called the West Bank and Gaza. Here are some supporting analyses. Dore Gold, PhD, former Israeli Ambassador to the United Nations, in a Jan. 16, 2002 Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs editorial titled "From 'Occupied Territories' to 'Disputed Territories,'" wrote: "Israel possesses legal rights with respect to the West Bank and Gaza Strip that appear to be ignored by those international observers who repeat the term 'occupied territories' without any awareness of Israeli territorial claims. Even if Israel only seeks 'secure boundaries' that cover part of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip, there is a world of difference between a situation in which Israel approaches the international community as a 'foreign occupier' with no territorial rights, and one in which Israel has strong historical rights to the land that were recognized by the main bodies serving as the source of international legitimacy in the previous century." Jan. 16, 2002 - Dore Gold, PhD Eugene W. Rostow, JD, former US Undersecretary of State for political affairs, in an Oct. 21, 1991 New Republic commentary titled "Resolved: Are the Settlements legal? Israeli West Bank Policies,": "The British Mandate recognized the right of the Jewish people to 'close settlement' in the whole of the Mandated territory. It was provided that local conditions might require Great Britain to 'postpone' or 'withhold' Jewish settlement in what is now Jordan. This was done in 1922. But the Jewish right of settlement in Palestine west of the Jordan river, that is, in Israel, the West Bank, Jerusalem, and the Gaza Strip, was made unassailable. That right has never been terminated and cannot be terminated except by a recognized peace between Israel and its neighbors." Oct. 21, 1991 - Eugene W. Rostow, JD The Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA), in a 2001 document titled "Israeli Settlements and International Law,": "The settlements themselves are not intended to displace Arab inhabitants, nor do they do so in practice. Repeated charges regarding the illegality of Israeli settlements must therefore be regarded as politically motivated, without foundation in international law... Politically, the West Bank and Gaza Strip is best regarded as territory over which there are competing claims which should be resolved in peace process negotiations." 2001 - Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs So, Obama rightfully recognizes that although continuation of the plans to develop the E1 area are going to irritate the Palestinians and make a more difficult environment for the peace negotiations he is not saying that what the Israelis are doing is illegal. Moreover, the Palestinians are refusing to recognize the right of Israel to exist at all in peace and instead just went to the UN (which is a very anti-Israel body on the whole due in large part to the Islamic dominated states and their allies). The atmosphere for peace negotiations were already poisoned by the Palestinian actions and the attitude of Israel is likely to be that the atmosphere for negotiations are not going to be any worse with the E1 planning proceeding as expected. |
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The Jews in the Mideast had long been persecuted minorities for
hundreds of years. During WWII, Arab leaders sided with Hitler and Jews in Arab lands everywhere were threatened. The antisemitic rhetoric mounted and turned into open threats and eventually confiscation of Jews property and belongings. The overwhelming majority of these displaced Jews migrated to the closest place where they could find a welcoming refuge - Israel. |
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Edited by
s1owhand
on
Thu 12/06/12 11:17 AM
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QUESTION! How exactly is Israel stealing land? They gave up the entire Egyptian Sinai to Egypt for peace, that they won in a defensive war. They gave up every inch of Gaza in the hopes for peace, and got Hamas and rockets instead of peace. The Germans started and lost WW 2. Russia and Poland have 'occupied' their land since 1945. Israel was attacked at its birth 3 years later in 1948, and many times since. Why are they occupying, when Russia and Poland are not? Let's be consistent. Had the Arabs not attacked, they would not be whining now. Why is there a different standard always for Israel and its little sliver of land (less than NJ) that they have developed and made bloom. Israel accepted 850,000 Jewish refugees from Arab lands after 1948. Why haven't the Arabs with all their oil wealth and land, not absorbed the Palis? 98% of the so-called Palis are under their own rule.. Gave up? How was it theirs to begin with? Its not that they want "Land" but that they want to be in charge and in control of all of the holy land because of religious ideas. They actually want people to believe that they have been given the land by God. That's ridiculous. actually it was the League Of Nations,then the Brits,then the United Nations! What was the cause of all of these refugees? The 800,000 some odd Jewish refugees had their land and possessions throughout the Mideast seized by various Arab countries so they had to leave and most went back to Israel where they could live in peace and they were welcomed in Israel and assisted in resettlement. Here is the info from the jewishvirtuallibrary site. MYTH “Palestinians were the only people who became refugees as a result of the Arab-Israeli conflict.” FACT Although much is heard about the plight of the Palestinian refugees, little is said about the Jews who fled from Arab states. Their situation had long been precarious. During the 1947 UN debates, Arab leaders threatened them. For example, Egypt’s delegate told the General Assembly: “The lives of one million Jews in Muslim countries would be jeopardized by partition.” 3 Corresponding refugees, 1948-1972 The number of Jews fleeing Arab countries for Israel in the years following Israel’s independence was nearly double the number of Arabs leaving Palestine. Many Jews were allowed to take little more than the shirts on their backs. These refugees had no desire to be repatriated. Little is heard about them because they did not remain refugees for long. Of the 820,000 Jewish refugees between 1948 and 1972, 586,000 were resettled in Israel at great expense, and without any offer of compensation from the Arab governments who confiscated their possessions. 4 Israel has consequently maintained that any agreement to compensate the Palestinian refugees must also include Arab reparations for Jewish refugees. To this day, the Arab states have refused to pay anything to the hundreds of thousands of Jews who were forced to abandon their property before fleeing those countries. Through 2010, at least 153 of the 914 UN General Assembly resolutions on the Middle East conflict (17 percent) referred directly to Palestinian refugees. Not one mentioned the Jewish refugees from Arab countries. 5 The contrast between the reception of Jewish and Palestinian refugees is even starker when one considers the difference in cultural and geographic dislocation experienced by the two groups. Most Jewish refugees traveled hundreds—and some traveled thousands—of miles to a tiny country whose inhabitants spoke a different language. Most Arab refugees never left Palestine at all; they traveled a few miles to the other side of the truce line, remaining inside the vast Arab nation that they were part of linguistically, culturally and ethnically. |
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Apparently, that was enough to touch off questions about me being a "holocaust denier."
To clarify this, it was the way you employed classic denier rhetoric. Not knowing what "classic denier rhetoric" is, I kinda resent the implication that I was "employing" it, because it suggests that I'm a "holocaust denier", which I certainly am NOT!! Moreover, your innuendo suggests that YOU are employing well known propagandist techniques in a deliberate effort to try to tar my feathers. To keep this post on TOPIC, I guess I should post something relevant to it eh?: http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4316114,00.html Here is some of the article you quote above. It reiterates the position that Israel has maintained for a long time - that they are not opposed to a Palestinian state but they do insist that this state recognize the Jewish state of Israel and commit to being a truly peaceful neighbor - things that the recent UN resolution did not do. =-=-=-= "Thank you for your country's opposition to the one-sided resolution at the United Nations; thank you for your friendship; thank you for your courage. "I know that in voting against the one-sided resolution, the Czech Republic stood with the United States and Canada and a handful of other countries against the prevailing international current. But history has shown us time and again that what is right is not what is popular, and if there is a people in the world who can appreciate that, it's the people of your country," Netanyahu said. "I know that your country has learned the lessons of history. So has my country, Israel. That is why Israel will not sacrifice its vital interests for the sake of obtaining the world's applause. Israel is committed to a genuine peace with our Palestinian neighbors – a genuine and durable peace. For peace to endure, it must be a peace that we can defend. "No other peace can survive in the Middle East. We remain committed, as you said, to a negotiated settlement between us and our Palestinian neighbors. That solution is a two-state solution for two peoples, a peace in which a demilitarized Palestinian state recognizes the one and only Jewish State of Israel. "Unfortunately, on Thursday, the Palestinians asked the world to give them a state without providing Israel with peace and security in return." According to Netanyahu,the UN resolution "Completely ignored Israel's security needs. It didn't require the Palestinians to recognize the Jewish state. It didn't even call on it to end the conflict with Israel. And this is why it was unacceptable to Israel, and that is why, too, it has been unacceptable to all responsible members of the international community. "Our conflict with the Palestinians will be resolved only through direct negotiations that address the needs of both Israelis and Palestinians. It will not be resolved through one-sided resolutions of the UN that ignore Israel's vital needs and undermine the basic foundation for peace. "Mr. Prime Minister, I'm proud to be here in Prague… Thank you for standing up for the truth; thank you for standing up for decency; and thank you for standing up for peace. Thank you." |
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...the Land earmarked for new Apartments is nowhere near any land for the Palestinian State! FALSE; it is on occupied Palestinian territory. http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/162880#.UL-QP--z7vg It could be legally made into Israeli territory IF Palestine sold it to Israel, but indications are that such a sale is unlikely to happen. http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/162856 According to Israel it is NOT Palestinian land and they have a good point because there has never been any Palestinian country. The land in question is not occupied by anyone, no one lives there and it had been Jordanian land prior to 1967 when Israel wound up with it after defeating Jordan and the other Arab states who were attacking Israel. Here is an interesting discussion of the legality of the Israeli point of view and it merits serious consideration. In any case, what is or is not going to be the land of any new state of Palestine has to be negotiated between the Palestinians and Israel. Conrad is right though that there is nothing preventing the establishment of the Palestinian state in other areas. http://www.aish.com/jw/me/48939282.html |
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They have stated that they will take the entire world with them if they feel threatened. They are suicidal, even more so than suicide bombers. They are a ticking time bomb.
I would agree, throughout history, one thing is for certain, Israel's overreaction to conflicts since WW2 is well documented. The continuation of building plans in West Bank, the withholding of Palestinian taxes to the tune of 100million$ to punish yet again the Arabs??? Despicable behavior IMO. They even tried to get Canada to punish Arabs by threatening humanitarian aid??? I'm appalled! Would go a long way! If the Rothschilds would return the money they have stolen from everyone, we would all be millionaires and there would be no national debt. Sad! |
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Reason #597
There are thousands of really important things for the UN to be working on but issues relating to Israel's nuclear facilities are not one of them. |
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Edited by
s1owhand
on
Wed 12/05/12 08:06 AM
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Here is my point with regard to the latest UN initiative.
This is a nonsense initiative aimed solely at deriding Israel based on rampant antisemitism and anti-Israel provocation led by groups of states in the UN opposed to Israel's existence. Let the idiotic and pointless Israel bashing begin! Brought to you by the Israel-hating body that sponsored the infamous Durban conferences on Human Rights which ignored horrific human rights violations all over the world and instead spent all their time bashing Israel despite the fact that Israel has a better human rights record than most of those countries that attended the ridiculous conferences!! The Durban Review Conference is the official name of the 2009 United Nations World Conference Against Racism (WCAR), also known as Durban II. The conference ran from Monday 20 April to Friday 24 April 2009, and took place at the United Nations Office in Geneva, Switzerland.[1] The conference was called under the mandate of United Nations General Assembly resolution 61/149 (passed in 2006) with a mandate to review the implementation of the The Durban Declaration and Programme of Action from the 2001 World Conference against Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance which took place in Durban, South Africa. The conference was boycotted by Australia, Canada, Germany, Israel, Italy, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Poland, and the United States. The Czech Republic discontinued its attendance on the first day, and twenty-three other European Union countries sent low-level delegations. The western countries had expressed concerns that the conference would be used to promote anti-Semitism and laws against blasphemy perceived as contrary to the principles of free speech,[2][3][4][5][6] and that the conference would not deal with discrimination against homosexuals.[7] European countries also criticized the meeting for focusing on the West and ignoring problems of racism and intolerance in the developing world. Controversy surrounded the attendance of Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad at the conference due to his past statements on Israel and the Holocaust. On the first day of the conference, Ahmadinejad, the only head of state to attend, made a speech condemning Israel as "totally racist"[8] and accusing the West of using the Holocaust as a "pretext" for aggression against Palestinians.[9] The distributed English version of the speech referred to the Holocaust as an "ambiguous and dubious question". When Ahmadinejad began to speak about Israel, all the European Union delegates left the conference room, while a number of the remaining delegates applauded the Iranian President.[10] UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon expressed dismay at both the boycotts and the speech.[11] Durban III, a follow-up conference that took place on 22 September 2011 in New York, was boycotted by the ten aforementioned countries (including the Czech Republic), along with Austria, Bulgaria, France and the United Kingdom. The big address at this joke of a conference was given by Iran's president and Holocaust denier Ahmadinejad who got the following reaction: Reactions to speech United Nations UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon expressed dismay at the incident, describing the words chosen by President Ahmadinejad as being those that are used "to accuse, divide and even incite".[11] Ban stated that he had asked Ahmadinejad in advance not to focus on "divisiveness" in his address and that "It is deeply regrettable that my plea to look to the future of unity was not heeded by the Iranian president. This is the opposite of what this conference seeks to achieve. This makes it significantly more difficult to build constructive solutions to the very real problem of racism," Ban said in a statement following Ahmadinejad's speech."[56] High Commissioner for Human Rights Navi Pillay condemned Ahmadinejad but objected to the walkout, saying "I condemn the use of a UN forum for political grandstanding. I find this totally objectionable... The best riposte for this type of event is to reply and correct, not to withdraw and boycott the conference."[77] Pillay also described Ahmadinejad as "somebody who traditionally makes obnoxious statements."[79] Iran At a later press conference, Ahmadinejad criticized the countries which boycotted or walked out of the summit as "arrogant and selfish," and asked of the walkout, "Why is it that the so-called advocates of freedom of information fear hearing other people's opinions?"[87] Israel Speaking at a state ceremony marking Holocaust Remembrance Day, Israeli President Shimon Peres called Ahmadinejad's appearance at the conference "a deplorable disgrace,"[88] commenting on his speech "Nazism has been crushed, but anti-Semitism is still alive. The gas has evaporated, but the poison remains."[89] In a letter to parliamentary counterparts abroad, Speaker of the Knesset Reuven Rivlin wrote "This time, Hitler has a beard and speaks Persian," and compared the conference to the 1936 Berlin Olympics, calling on legislators to take action against the Iranian president and not to ignore his anti-Israel pronouncements and threats.[90] Czech Republic The Czech Republic's Foreign Ministry, which held the European Union's rotating presidency at the time, announced shortly after the speech that it was breaking off its attendance at the conference in protest. A statement issued by the ministry described as unacceptable Ahmadinejad's description of the Israeli government as racist, stating that Prague therefore did not wish to lend weight to his "anti-Israeli attacks" by remaining present at the conference.[91] Norway Foreign Minister of Norway Jonas Gahr Store, who addressed the conference after Ahmadinejad's statements, said "Norway will not accept that the odd man out hijacks the collective efforts of many,"[92] adding the statements "run counter to the very spirit of dignity of the conference."[91] European Union The presidency of the European Union said in a statement: "The European Union rejects in strongest terms views expressed by President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad labelling Israel as (a) racist regime." France French officials described it as a "hate speech".[11] (from the Wiki on the Durban Review Conference) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Durban_Review_Conference Now while the UN watches Iran illegally enrich to weapons grade and threaten to wipe Israel off the face of the earth, the extremely alert and conscientious UN does what? Demands Israel to have their 50 year old nuclear installations inspected - although Israel has never threatened anyone! You can bet this will be taken seriously. |
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From NYT article - Amid Euphoria Over U.N. Vote, Palestinians Still Face Familiar Challenges By ISABEL KERSHNER Published: December 2, 2012 At least in the short term, with Israeli elections scheduled for January, things are likely to get tougher for the Palestinians before they get better. In Jerusalem on Sunday, the Israeli government unanimously rejected the General Assembly’s decision to upgrade the status of Palestine to a nonmember observer state of the United Nations. Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu described the Palestinian move as “a gross violation of the agreements that have been signed with the State of Israel.” In its latest response, Israel said it would not transfer tax revenues it collected on behalf of the Palestinian Authority last month, instead using the money, about $100 million, to pay off about half the debt run up by the authority to the Israel Electric Corporation. The Palestinian Authority has already been suffering through a financial crisis, often unable to pay the salaries of its employees on time. Palestinian officials said that Arab countries had promised to donate funds and make up for any losses caused by punitive Israeli actions, though it was a shortfall in donor money, largely from Arab nations, that caused the financial crisis in the first place. Israel’s financial sanctions followed a government decision to build 3,000 previously planned housing units in contested areas of Jerusalem and in parts of the West Bank that Israel intends to keep under any future arrangement with the Palestinians. The Palestinians have long refused to return to the negotiating table unless Israel halts the construction of settlements. The government has also decided to continue planning and zoning work for the development of a particularly contentious area of East Jerusalem known as E1, a project long condemned by Washington because it would harm the prospects for a contiguous Palestinian state, though privately, Israeli and Palestinian officials said that this last decision could be easily reversed. Mr. Abbas, for his part, was expected to hold meetings with the members of his leadership to discuss how to begin to translate the Palestinians’ new status into practical steps. “We are celebrating our dignity,” said Xavier Abu Eid, a Palestinian spokesman. “Our small nation withstood a lot of pressure for something that is our right.” But the way forward may be fraught with legal obstacles as the Palestinians try to balance their diplomatic victory with the demands of their previous, more concrete achievements. Israel signed its agreements with the Palestine Liberation Organization, which resulted in the creation of an interim self-rule body, the Palestinian Authority. Asked whether the Palestinian Authority would remain the Palestinian Authority in name, Mr. Abu Eid said: “That requires a decision of the leadership. I think it will not be changed in a day.” Palestinian officials have insisted that they will not give up the option of seeking to join the International Criminal Court and pursuing claims against Israel, and some Palestinians now expect their leaders to take legal action against the Israelis’ settlement building. Letters of application for membership in various United Nations bodies and international agencies have been signed “The State of Palestine.” But the Palestinians may not rush to change the name on the front of their passports to Palestine. Even Mr. Abbas is dependent on Israel’s good graces to be allowed to travel through checkpoints and across borders. Many Palestinians were hoping that Mr. Abbas would now seek genuine reconciliation with his rivals in Hamas, the Islamic militant group that controls Gaza. “Unity is the most important step,” said Malik Barghouti, an employee of the authority’s Finance Ministry in Ramallah. “We are one people.” But if there is no tangible change on the ground, some Palestinians warned, the celebrations could eventually be eclipsed by frustration. “Most people here think we now have lots of rights,” said Mahmoud Mansour, 22, a student of electrical engineering from Jenin in the northern West Bank, who attended the welcome rally. “When they realize that nothing has changed, they will be angry.” bump. |
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Edited by
s1owhand
on
Wed 12/05/12 06:09 AM
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as I said in my previous Post,that List of Genocides was nothing but an obfuscation! And some of the Items were an obfuscation to the Obfuscation! This whole holocaust business is an obfuscation of the topic of this thread. It has nothing to do with it, and I didn't even mention it initially; Horowitz's video did, and I did nothing but offer to critique the video. After being encouraged to critique it, and since the video went rather extensively into it, I had to say something about it, but didn't want the subject to derail the thread, so my only initial mention of it was "I won't touch the Holocaust stuff in his video…" . I then went on to say why I wasn't going to touch it (because it was illegal in many parts of the world to question it) and went on to make a side point about what I thought of laws that curtail freedom of speech and historical revision. Apparently, that was enough to touch off questions about me being a "holocaust denier." STILL I wanted to leave the issue alone, but I was asked this repeatedly, with the implication that if I didn't answer, then I must be, so I answered with a slew of holocausts and stated for the record that I deny NONE of them. Now I'm told that I was only trying to obfuscate the issue? Obfuscate what? It seems to me that I was in all cases attempting to CLARIFY, not obfuscate. It seems to me that I was trying to PREVENT the obfuscation of the topic of this thread with a heated "side" discussion about the Jewish holocaust. Well let's go back to the video then. The video is certainly on topic as it discusses the history of the region that the Palestinians are trying to claim as their homeland. The video points out why this is specious and why the Palestinians certainly have no more claim on the land than the Jews. The Holocaust was described in the video simply to explain the large influx of refugees to Israel after the war. Here is the video again for reference: http://youtu.be/dnIKRse86GU Your response to the video was an off topic listing of wildly exaggerated and historically inaccurate death tolls in other conflicts followed by a question about whether those statistics were any less important than the actual well documented mass killings of Jews during WWII. Then there were the usual fingerpointing posts saying with the choir responses of "Amen brother" and "how true how true" and the opposing views of "what a crock" and "i call bs"... Finally I put the discussion back on topic with a news release from the NY Times about why the UN vote was inconsequential and only leading to more frustration when the Palestinians are expecting a big change as a result of the vote while actually all that happened is that they violated their earlier commitments, made no actual progress towards state formation and made the Israelis less willing to engage them in substantive peacemaking. The ridiculous aspect of this is that the Palestinians already do have a de-facto state in the areas they already govern in the W Bank and Gaza but they have no unified government only warring factions like Fatah, Hamas and Islamic Jihad and their only unified policy appears to be attacking Israel while they let their true responsibility to improving the standard of living for their people languish. It is a farce. |
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Edited by
s1owhand
on
Tue 12/04/12 07:07 PM
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Another recognisable diversionary tactic complete with an appeal to emotion. An attempt to minimise the industrialsed extermination of a people by raising other examples.
And so what would you call the constant reference to the Jewish Holocaust as if it were the only one that ever happened in the world? Why do you think that particular horrific event deserves more attention than the others? The systematic killing of the Jews in WWII was the reason why so many Jewish refugees desperately were seeking a safe haven where they could live without being further persecuted. I'm sure the turkish people who were destroyed in that genocide would have liked to find a safe haven too. Refugees from Siberia would also like to find a safe haven. etc. etc. etc. But we are not talking about Turks or Siberians or Armenians or Chinese or Blackfeet. The topic of this thread relates to Israel which relates to the the Jews. As HotRodD says - this is just an attempt to derail the conversation. Well apparently the conversation swayed to the term "holocaust." So I ask again, why do the Jews object to that term being used by anyone else? Nobody owns the word or is trying to own the word. "The Holocaust" as it came to be commonly known through regular use is understood to refer to the Nazi genocide of the Jews. There are other instances of genocide of course. From the Wiki article entitled "The Holocaust" The Holocaust (from the Greek ὁλόκαυστος holókaustos: hólos, "whole" and kaustós, "burnt")[2] also known as the Shoah (Hebrew: השואה, HaShoah, "catastrophe"; Yiddish: חורבן, Churben or Hurban, from the Hebrew for "destruction"), was the mass murder or genocide of approximately six million European Jews during World War II, a programme of systematic state-sponsored murder by Nazi Germany, led by Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party, throughout German-occupied territory.[3][4] Of the nine million Jews who had resided in Europe before the Holocaust, approximately two-thirds were killed.[5] Over one million Jewish children were killed in the Holocaust, as were approximately two million Jewish women and three million Jewish men.[6][7] Some scholars argue that the mass murder of the Romani and people with disabilities should be included in the definition,[8][9] and some use the common noun "holocaust" to describe other Nazi mass murders, for example Soviet prisoners of war, Polish and Soviet civilians, and homosexuals.[10][11] Recent estimates based on figures obtained since the fall of the Soviet Union indicates some ten to 11 million civilians and prisoners of war were intentionally murdered by the Nazi regime.[12][13] The persecution and genocide were carried out in stages. Various laws to remove the Jews from civil society, most prominently the Nuremberg Laws, were enacted in Germany years before the outbreak of World War II. Concentration camps were established in which inmates were subjected to slave labor until they died of exhaustion or disease. Where Germany conquered new territory in eastern Europe, specialized units called Einsatzgruppen murdered Jews and political opponents in mass shootings. The occupiers required Jews and Romani to be confined in overcrowded ghettos before being transported by freight train to extermination camps where, if they survived the journey, most were systematically killed in gas chambers. Every arm of Germany's bureaucracy was involved in the logistics that led to the genocides, turning the Third Reich into what one Holocaust scholar has called "a genocidal state".[14] The term holocaust comes from the Greek word holókauston, an animal sacrifice offered to a god in which the whole (olos) animal is completely burnt (kaustos).[15] For hundreds of years, the word "holocaust" was used in English to denote great massacres, but since the 1960s, the term has come to be used by scholars and popular writers to refer to the genocide of Jews.[16] The mini-series Holocaust is credited with introducing the term into common parlance after 1978.[17] The biblical word Shoah (שואה) (also spelled Sho'ah and Shoa), meaning "calamity", became the standard Hebrew term for the Holocaust as early as the 1940s, especially in Europe and Israel.[18] Shoah is preferred by many Jews for a number of reasons, including the theologically offensive nature of the word "holocaust", which they take to refer to the Greek pagan custom.[19] The Nazis used a euphemistic phrase, the "Final Solution to the Jewish Question" (German: Endlösung der Judenfrage), and the phrase "Final Solution" has been widely used as a term for the genocide of the Jews. Nazis used the phrase "lebensunwertes Leben" (Life unworthy of life) in an attempt to justify the killings. OK we can get back to the topic now. |
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